The ancient Egyptians believed in the account after the death of more effect in deterring souls from committing sins and evil.Imagine that the ancient Egyptian god Auxerre will be master of the Kingdom of the dead and the supervisor at the expense of the deceased, Google has a book of the dead from the era of the modern state trial made clear imaging and expressed verbally and image.And shows rights in the case after death before the Court of Auxerre held accountable for what he had done of the advantages and disadvantages of the unseen to deliver a fair penalty.
And we find the deceased lead severely tested than their worldly good or evil will not succeed in this exam Divine owners of wealth and prestige and the pyramids towering and tombs luxury and Ikdmlosahabha of gifts and Odeiat but will succeed where the share of employers' good and with the soul good, and so became the kits that era that one must pass a difficult test before this court to obtain the desired happiness in the afterlife.
Headed god Auxerre Court of Justice sitting in his throne in the sarcophagus is based in the heart of the hall awe roof lanterns and signs of the right, in front of his grandsons, the sons of Poplar (Imsety - Dwamut F - ugliness Snow F - Habi) and to the king of the dead was sitting cross-legged forty-two giant alien heads as a snake or hawks or Alakabba or rams and in front of these creatures called "eating blood" and "knowledgeable linear" and "eating the shadows" and "Alús twisted" and "Eye of Flame" and other titles, and in the hands of both of them sword to kill the wrong, and their job Note what appears in the side of the scale which weighs the advantages and disadvantages
And the focal point sits a monkey with a dog "companion Thoth writer gods and the god Anubis, jackal-headed testing for San balance in the face of Anubis and to the left of the balance there is God," tea "the god of luck and" heated "(which is an arm Cubic with a dermal some believe to be linked to place the birth of the person) and my gods give birth and raise children, "Mschent" and "Rnnt" and shows the spirit of the deceased in the form of a bird with a man standing on the gate and to the right behind Anubis, stands Thoth, holding in his hands the Writing Pad and pen so recorded outcome of the trial Behind Thoth lying in wait for devouring, "blinded" in the form of frightening and this animal is an animal compound with a crocodile head and lion body and the back of a hippopotamus.
Then enter the deceased from the door of the hall accompanied by his wife, raising his hands to pray, saying: -
I clean .. I am pure and I hope that the evil has touched me in a court of justice "
And then apply the god Anubis leading the deceased sitting in front of God ruling and then says: -"Peace be upon you, Lord West, I present to you without sin on and I am bluffing did not speak bad Vamnhani good housing in the fields of Ayaro."
Then completed its case for himself says: -"Peace be upon you, O God, the great right-holder, I have come to you Lord liable to you for myself the glory, I know you, and I know your name and the names of Monday and forty judges who sit with you in the Hall of Justice and Almngvean of meat-and-stick Almerton of their blood in this great day in this time terrible."
Perhaps it is important to be noted that the deceased that it offers two types of defense: -* The first defense - a defense of himself in* Defense II: - to each of the judges in his name and attributes and exonerate himself in front of them from forty-two sin.
And that this Alksk of the Book of the Dead at all common word recognition and even some editors added the word "negative" and this became the so-called "negative recognition" and we find in the defense of the deceased says: -"I did not slay the people .. no .. I did not Depredate Anab food .. no .. I did not chose to fear the impact of conflict."
Then complete"I have come to you oh my god / s interest to the right, giving up all Khtih, I did not take the darker one evil by not Oosth woman my neighbor, no money, others did not lie, never did I go against the commands of God"
When he defended himself successfully in this manner before the court, the deceased Great whole address them in confidence and say: -"Salute you, O gods, I know you I know your names are not dropped in front of Ansalkm, do not tell the bad of this great Taatbonh God."
And touring the deceased owners of the provinces and then the judges a people by asking 42 questions, and say: -- Do you have lived fully as determined by the Lord- Are you Sponsored by the right of your body- Have you kept your body pure white Kalsoub- Do you stole Malisse- Is acquitted of looking into the body of your mother and your aunt and your sister- Are you hurt or tortured an animal ........ And other questions
Then displays the balance and the goddess Maat represented truth and integrity in the balance of Yemen and the heart of the deceased in ancient Egyptian Alesaroukd chosen specifically because it is the source of faith and feelings.If the deceased was sincere in his defense of San Fastqam balance and see when his heart was trembling so upset and says: -"Dear heart, which created me and I created you in the world of training and come with me to this world or not Tnazni Tnaakecna, the account between God and the Council at this time Aqdhah serious gloom and today is not excused from the balance in front of God, Auxerre and great religions."
If he was able to confirm that he did not steal and never cheated his wife did not insult the king did not commit any sin of sins Monday and forty and if it appears that the large balance weighs his heart when he was acquitted, the god Thoth records the writer gods judgment of the Court not guilty, and Auxerre says to him: -"Let the dead winner in the Hall of Justice and willing to go where the gates of Paradise open to him and lead him to it all the gods and guards against it in bad sky and gives him his clothes of linen is good and has donated his heart and his new life and sitting in the heavenly paradise"
When he defended himself successfully in this manner before the court, the deceased Great whole address them in confidence and say: -"Salute you, O gods, I know you I know your names are not dropped in front of Ansalkm, do not tell the bad of this great Taatbonh God."
And touring the deceased owners of the provinces and then the judges a people by asking 42 questions, and say: -- Do you have lived fully as determined by the Lord- Are you Sponsored by the right of your body- Have you kept your body pure white Kalsoub- Do you stole Malisse- Is acquitted of looking into the body of your mother and your aunt and your sister- Are you hurt or tortured an animal ........ And other questions
Then displays the balance and the goddess Maat represented truth and integrity in the balance of Yemen and the heart of the deceased in ancient Egyptian Alesaroukd chosen specifically because it is the source of faith and feelings.If the deceased was sincere in his defense of San Fastqam balance and see when his heart was trembling so upset and says: -"Dear heart, which created me and I created you in the world of training and come with me to this world or not Tnazni Tnaakecna, the account between God and the Council at this time Aqdhah serious gloom and today is not excused from the balance in front of God, Auxerre and great religions."
If he was able to confirm that he did not steal and never cheated his wife did not insult the king did not commit any sin of sins Monday and forty and if it appears that the large balance weighs his heart when he was acquitted, the god Thoth records the writer gods judgment of the Court not guilty, and Auxerre says to him: -"Let the dead winner in the Hall of Justice and willing to go where the gates of Paradise open to him and lead him to it all the gods and guards against it in bad sky and gives him his clothes of linen is good and has donated his heart and his new life and sitting in the heavenly paradise"
However, if heavy scales Vtlthm his heart that which is called the predator Babrit This means the yard full and non-Baath again in that time, says Auxerre to him: -"Get behind me, O wicked to hell for the convergence of the most suffering, ye judges kill him Bsaovkm and fed now, of his flesh and Acherboh of his blood, and Antin, O evil spirits Adharpinh iron and burned with fire, and thou, O Amuamm monster predator cut to pieces and feed from his guts." The self-committed some lapses must be tasting some of the suffering and what time to clear before entering Paradise.
Was contained in the book of the dead pit of fire, placed in the custody of gods the four cleared in this cleanser and wipe Hfouathobad that must be overcome appointed some risk passing on the place where many rooms and dark under the control of wild beasts has been described in detail in the books of the dead that they put them with the dead in graves of their prediction on this peril to facilitate his access to ParadiseThey believed also that other life which Aaxion which after death is a agricultural fields beautiful grows the wheat and the good things taking place where the rivers where Troy ground without Shadouf and opened under the name "Ayaro" When you reach the deceased to these fields to Nokia compelled to engage Bahart and harvesting, but enjoy eating and drinking and sleeping and sit under trees and enjoy the fresh north wind.
They believed also that there Dzezh called "Island of Happiness," a listener and channels the water and imagine that the third channel of the island was located between the swamps of the Delta that pervaded Lower and used to contain a large number of birds and all that we know they filmed other life in the form of the ground and in the form of the Kingdom of far from the extent of human sight.Thus, the ancient Egyptian was able to get closer to some extent from the principle established by the books the sky, which is that the afterlife as a result of good work.
SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT.
II. KINGDOM OF OSIRIS ACCORDING TO THE BOOK OF GATES.
THE Boat of AFU-RA, having passed through the first five DIVISIONS of the Tuat, now, according to the BOOK OF GATES, arrives near the southern part of the Delta, and near the kingdom of Osiris, lord of Mendes and Busiris. Before, however, the god can enter it, he must pass through the Gate of the SIXTH DIVISION, which is called NEBT-AHA, and which is guarded by the monster serpent SET-EM-MAAT-F. In the Gate or close to it, is the JUDGMENT HALL of OSIRIS, and it is tolerably certain that no soul entered his kingdom without being weighed in the balance of the god. The scene in which the Hall is depicted is of great interest, for it is different in many important particulars from the representations of the Judgment which we find on papyri, even in those which belong to the period of the XVIIIth and XIXth Dynasties. All the texts which describe it are written in hieroglyphics, but in many of them the hieroglyphics have, as Champollion pointed
out, special and very unusual values, and the title "enigmatic writing" given to them by Goodwin is appropriate. In the ordinary Judgment Scenes we find that the heart of the deceased is weighed in the balance against the feather symbolic of Maat or righteousness, that the operation of weighing is carried out by Thoth and Anubis in the presence of the great gods, the owner of the heart himself sometimes looking on, that the gods accept and ratify the verdict of Thoth, and that the deceased is then led into the presence of Osiris by Horus. Sometimes the heart of the deceased is weighed against his whole body, as in the Papyrus of Nebseni, and at other times the pans of the scales only contain weights. In the scene before us the arrangement is quite different. Osiris is seated on a chair of state, and wears the crowns of the South and North united; in Nebseni being weighed against his heart.
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his hands are the symbols of "life,"
and "rule," 
. His chair stands on a raised platform, on the nine steps of which stand the nine gods who form his company; beneath the feet of the god, perhaps under his platform, are the dead, i.e., the damned, or his enemies. The top of the Hall is protected with a row of spear beads, and from the ceiling hang four heads of gazelle, or oryges; according to a legend certain enemies of Osiris transformed themselves into these animals, and were slain by the god. On the platform, immediately in front of the god, stands THOTH, in the form of a mummy, and be serves as the standard of the balance; the object in the pan is being weighed against the symbol of "evil," 
, which it seems to counterbalance exactly. This being so, it seems that the wickedness of the deceased did not go beyond a recognized limit. ANUBIS, in the upper corner of the scene, addresses some words to THOTH, who bears the Balance on his shoulders. In the small boat near the Balance is a pig being beaten by an ape; 1 the name of the pig is AM-A, but neither his functions, nor those of the ape are clearly known. The ape may be the equivalent of the dog-headed ape which sits on the beam of the Balance in the pictures in the Theban papyri, and the pig may represent the Eater of the Dead; but at present these are matters of conjecture. With reference to the pig it is interesting to note thatp. 161
Click to viewThe Judgement Hall of Osiris according to the Book of Gates. (From Champollion, Monuments de l'Égypte, tom. iii, pl. cclxxii.)
p. 163
in the Papyrus of Nekht the deceased is seen grasping a chain by which a serpent is fettered, and spearing a pig. The chief point of interest in the whole scene is the fact that the Judgment here depicted is of a more primitive character than that given in the Book of the Dead.
The Boat of AFU-RA, having passed through or by the Hall of Osiris, now enters the abode of the blessed, and the pictures of the SIXTH DIVISION are intended to show us the occupations of those who have been declared to be "right and true." The Boat is towed through this DIVISION by four gods of the Tuat and immediately in front of it is a series of jackal-headed sceptres of SEB, to each of which two enemies are tied; by the side of each sceptre is a god, who takes care that the punishments which have been decreed by Osiris are duly executed. It is noteworthy that the two eyes of Ra are placed between the first two sceptres (vol. ii., p. 172). The Egyptian text (vol. ii., p. 183) makes it quite clear that the enemies of Osiris are tied to the standards of SEB according to the god's decree, and preparatory to slaughter in the Hall of Ra.
To the right of the path of AFU-RA are twelve MAATI gods who carry MAAT, and twelve HETEPTIU
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gods who carry provisions. These are they who offered up incense to the gods, and whose kau or "doubles have been washed clean, whose iniquities have been done away, and who were right in the judgement." Therefore has Osiris decreed them to be "Maat of Maat," i.e., most "righteous," and he has given them a place of abode in his own presence with peace and the food of Maat thereon to live (vol. ii., pp. 177, .186).
To the left of the path of AFU-Ra are twelve gods, each of whom is tending a colossal ear of wheat, and twelve gods provided with sickles, engaged in reaping. The ears of wheat here growing are the "members of Osiris," (hat Sar), that is, they are regarded as parts of the god's own body, 1 and the inhabitants of the Kingdom of Osiris and human beings on earth alike ate the body of the god when they ate bread of wheat. The wheat which grew in the kingdom of Osiris was, of course, larger, and finer in every respect than that which grew on earth, and it is expressly said that the "Khu," i.e., beatified spirits, feed upon the divine grain (NEPRA) in the land of the Light-god (vol. ii., p. 188). Therefore since the divine grain is here a form of Osiris, the Khu live upon the god himself, and eat him daily; this is exactly the kind of belief which we should expect the primitive Egyptians at one period to possess. The idea of a heaven wherein
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wheat grew luxuriantly, and food made of the same could be had in abundance, was evolved in their mind after the introduction of wheat into Egypt from Asia, and after the Egyptians had settled down to agricultural pursuits. The god of such a heaven was naturally the Corn-god NEPRA, but it seems as if Osiris were identified with him at a very early period, and as if, finally, he absorbed all his attributes. The idea of a heaven of this simple character must of necessity be very old, and it presupposes the existence of beliefs concerning the future life which the later Egyptians must often in their secret hearts have repudiated. In the BOOK OF GATES we find NEB-AUT-AB, i.e., RA, decreeing that the wheat of this region should germinate, and that the plants should grow to a large size, and those who are tending the crops beseech him to shine upon them, for when he shines the grain sprouts and the plants grow.
Now, though Osiris was from a material point of view the Grain-god, or Corn-god, and the wheat was his members, which were eaten by his followers, he was also the lord of MAAT, i.e., "righteousness" and "integrity," and even the personification of those abstract qualities. When, addressing the MAATI gods, he declares they are "MAAT OF MAAT," he makes it clear that he considers them to be beings of like nature to himself, and that they will live upon MAAT; in other words, they have become Truth, and they will live upon Truth, and exist as Truth for ever. The MAATI
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gods apparently represent the highest conception of spiritual beings which the Egyptians arrived at in the early period, and which is only paralleled by that of a later period, according to which the followers of the Sun-god, who travelled with him in the Boat of Millions of Years, eventually became beings consisting of nothing but light. It would be useless to contend that either conception was believed in throughout the country generally, for the Egyptians as a nation believed in a heaven wherein happiness of a very material character was to be found; still there must have been among the educated and priestly classes devout men and women whose yearnings for future happiness would not be satisfied with promises of cakes, and ale, and love-making, and to whom the idea of becoming the counterpart of the eternal god of the dead would afford consolation and hope.
Footnotes
160:1 The boat sometimes contains two apes (see Sharpe, Eg. Inscriptions, part ii., pl. 9), and in a tomb at Thebes one ape is in the boat and one outside it (see the illustration opposite).164:1 Prof. Wiedemann has collected a number of important facts on this subject in his most interesting paper "OSIRIS VÉGÉTANT."
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